As the world marks World Glaucoma Day on March 12, the Gauteng Department of Health is raising awareness about glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible blindness. Often referred to as the “silent thief of sight,” glaucoma develops gradually and often without noticeable symptoms until significant vision loss occurs. The department is urging residents to prioritize regular eye screenings to detect the disease early and prevent permanent damage.
What is Glaucoma?
Glaucoma is caused by damage to the optic nerve, often linked to increased pressure within the eye. If left untreated, it can lead to permanent blindness. The condition is particularly concerning because it progresses silently, with no pain or early warning signs, making regular eye check-ups essential for early detection.
High Number of Undiagnosed Cases in South Africa
Glaucoma is a major global public health concern, especially in Africa, where access to treatment remains limited. Research published in the South African Medical Journal reveals that the prevalence of glaucoma among South Africans aged 40 and above ranges from 4.5% to 5.3%, with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) being the most common form.
Alarmingly, 87% of those diagnosed with POAG were previously unaware of their condition. “This underscores the need for regular eye check-ups, especially for high-risk individuals,” the Gauteng Department of Health stated.
Over 2,000 Cases Diagnosed in Public Health Clinics
Between April 2024 and January 2025, more than 2,000 patients were diagnosed with glaucoma at Gauteng’s primary healthcare clinics and referred to hospitals for specialized care. To address this growing concern, the department has strengthened optometry services at health facilities, ensuring residents have access to screenings, prescription eye drops, laser procedures, and surgical interventions when necessary.
Who is at Risk?
While glaucoma can affect anyone, certain groups are at higher risk:
- People over the age of 35;
- Diabetic individuals;
- Those with a family history of glaucoma; and
- Individuals with extreme near-sightedness.
The department emphasized that early detection and treatment can slow the progression of the disease, helping to preserve vision. “We encourage residents to take advantage of free eye screenings available at public health facilities to safeguard their vision,” it said.
Commitment to Eye Health
The Gauteng Department of Health remains committed to reducing preventable blindness and improving eye health for all residents. By raising awareness about glaucoma and providing accessible screening and treatment options, the department aims to combat the “silent thief of sight” and protect the vision of thousands of Gauteng residents.
What Can You Do?
If you fall into a high-risk category or have not had an eye check-up recently, now is the time to act. Visit your nearest public health facility for a free eye screening. Early detection is your best defense against glaucoma and its devastating effects.
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